Современные проблемы и возможные перспективы управления трудовой миграцией в России

Abstract

Labor migration significantly affects the functioning of the country’s economy. Migration processes can have various consequences for both countries of origin and countries of destination. They can be both positive and negative for the socioeconomic development of the country as a whole or for individual regions, industries, and population groups. At the same time, the consequences are largely determined by the effectiveness of migration man-agement, the quality of the development and implementation of migration policy, taking into account the compliance of the measures taken with the tactical and strategic interests of the country’s economic development and ensuring the well-being of its citizens in its develop-ment. The article focuses on the results of a study of contemporary problems of external labor migration and the identification of directions for improving the management of external labor migration in order to realize the benefits of its use for the development of the domestic econ-omy and minimize negative consequences. An analysis of statistical data on migration col-lected by various government agencies revealed the need for further improvement of the mon-itoring of migration processes. In the course of the study, indicators of external migration were considered in conjunction with the main macroeconomic trends in the Russian economy using indicators in 1990 prices, separated from inflation, and data characterizing the processes of underutilization of the labor force. In addition, the necessity of not only ensuring the effec-tive use of the labor potential of external labor migrants to meet the longterm needs of the domestic economy for labor, but also shifting priorities to intensifying programs to solve the main problems of personnel shortages, both by attracting and rationally using internal labor reserves, and by directing them to in-demand sectors of the national economy was substanti-ated.